Case: Eggers v. Evnen

4:22-cv-03089 | U.S. District Court for the District of Nebraska

Filed Date: May 16, 2022

Closed Date: Oct. 13, 2022

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

This case is about Nebraskans for Medical Marijuana (“NMM”), an incorporated nonprofit entity and a ballot campaign committee, and a paid contractor, volunteer, and sponsor of NMM, seeking to enjoin Nebraska Secretary of State from enforcing the unconstitutional multicounty signature distribution requirement of Article III, Section 2 of the Nebraska Constitution. On May 16, 2022, the plaintiffs commenced this civil rights action in the United States District Court for the District of Nebraska u…

This case is about Nebraskans for Medical Marijuana (“NMM”), an incorporated nonprofit entity and a ballot campaign committee, and a paid contractor, volunteer, and sponsor of NMM, seeking to enjoin Nebraska Secretary of State from enforcing the unconstitutional multicounty signature distribution requirement of Article III, Section 2 of the Nebraska Constitution.

On May 16, 2022, the plaintiffs commenced this civil rights action in the United States District Court for the District of Nebraska under 42 U.S.C. Section 1983. Under Article III, Section 2 of the Nebraska Constitution, an individual seeking to place an initiative or referendum on the ballot must collect signatures in support of the measure from at least 5% of the registered voters in at least two-fifths of Nebraska’s 93 counties. The plaintiffs argued that Nebraska’s signature distribution requirement gives disproportionate influence to voters in sparsely populated counties and dilutes the votes of residents in urban areas in violation of the Equal Protection Clause and Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution. Additionally, the plaintiffs argued that the requirement also restricts speech in violation of the First Amendment. NMM expected to collect the required number of signatures by the statutory deadline of July 7, 2022 on both referendum petitions to qualify for the 2022 ballot, but NMM lacked sufficient resources to comply with the onerous and unconstitutional multicounty requirement. The plaintiffs requested an immediate restraining order and injunction to ensure ballot eligibility, a declaration, an emergency injunction, costs, and attorneys’ fees.

On May 16, 2022, the plaintiffs filed a motion for preliminary and permanent injunction and expedited hearing to enjoin defendant from enforcing the multi-county signature distribution requirement.

On May 31, 2022, the defendant filed a motion to certify a question to the Nebraska Supreme Court regarding whether the multicounty signature requirement violates the First or Fourteenth Amendment, and if it does, whether that requirement was severable from the remainder of Article III, Section 2 of the Nebraska Constitution.

On June 13, 2022, the Court granted the plaintiffs’ motion to enjoin the Secretary of State from enforcing the 38-county rule reasoning that the State of Nebraska is absolutely free to require a showing of statewide support for a ballot initiative, but it may not do so based on units of dramatically differing population, resulting in discrimination among voters. The Court also denied defendant’s motion for a certified question.

On June 14, 2022, the defendant filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit from the June 13, 2022 order. The same day, defendant filed a motion to stay preliminary injunction pending appeal. The Eighth Circuit granted the defendant’s emergency motion for stay of the preliminary injunction pending appeal on July 6. 

On August 31, 2022, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, adding a third plaintiff, an individual who was a member of the Nebraska legislature.

On August 31, 2022, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit issued an order that the judgment of the district court in this cause was reversed and the cause was remanded to the district court for proceedings. Following its order, the Court of Appeals for the Eight Circuit denied a petition for hearing en banc on October 5. 

On October 13, 2022, the Court issued a judgment that the case was dismissed without prejudice, and the plaintiffs filed a notice of voluntary dismissal on the same day.

This case is now closed.

Summary Authors

Leilani Argersinger (3/12/2025)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/63312649/parties/eggers-v-evnen/


Judge(s)

Gerrard, John Melvin (Nebraska)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Chipman, Mindy M. (Nebraska)

Gutman, Daniel J. (Nebraska)

Attorney for Defendant

Campbell, James A. (Nebraska)

Hall, Justin J. (Nebraska)

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case
1

4:22-cv-03089

Complaint for Preliminary and Permanent Injunction

May 16, 2022

May 16, 2022

Complaint
2

4:22-cv-03089

Motion for Preliminary and Permanent Injunction and Expedited Hearing

May 16, 2022

May 16, 2022

Pleading / Motion / Brief
12

4:22-cv-03089

Defendant's Motion to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court

May 31, 2022

May 31, 2022

Pleading / Motion / Brief
23

4:22-cv-03089

Preliminary Injunction

June 13, 2022

June 13, 2022

Order/Opinion

607 F.Supp.3d 903

24

4:22-cv-03089

Notice of Appeal

June 14, 2022

June 14, 2022

Pleading / Motion / Brief
26

4:22-cv-03089

Defendant's Motion to Stay Preliminary Injunction Pending Appeal

June 14, 2022

June 14, 2022

Pleading / Motion / Brief
28

4:22-cv-03089

Order

June 14, 2022

June 14, 2022

Order/Opinion
34

4:22-cv-03089

Order

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit

July 6, 2022

July 6, 2022

Order/Opinion
37

4:22-cv-03089

Motion for Leave to Amend Complaint

July 29, 2022

July 29, 2022

Pleading / Motion / Brief
42

4:22-cv-03089

Order

Aug. 29, 2022

Aug. 29, 2022

Order/Opinion

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/63312649/eggers-v-evnen/

Last updated April 9, 2026, 5:06 a.m.

ECF Number Date Description Link
1 May 16, 2022

COMPLAINT against Robert B. Evnen ( Filing fee $ 402, receipt number ANEDC-4635764), by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of NMM, Crista Eggers(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

Clearinghouse
2 May 16, 2022

MOTION for Preliminary Injunction by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

Clearinghouse
3 May 16, 2022

BRIEF in support of Motion for Preliminary Injunction by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
4 May 16, 2022

INDEX in support of Motion for Preliminary Injunction by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Declaration of Jared Moffat, # 2 Exhibit Declaration of Crista Eggers, # 3 Exhibit Declaration of Kurt Elder)(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
5 May 16, 2022

CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 7.1 by Attorney Jane Seu on behalf of Plaintiffs NMM, Crista Eggers.(Seu, Jane) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
6 May 16, 2022

NOTICE of Appearance by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen (Campbell, James) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
7 May 16, 2022

NOTICE of Appearance by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen (Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
8 May 16, 2022

NOTICE of Acceptance of Service by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen (Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
9 May 16, 2022

TEXT NOTICE OF JUDGES ASSIGNED: Judge John M. Gerrard and Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson assigned. In accordance with 28 U.S.C. 636(c)(2), the parties are notified that, if all parties consent, a magistrate judge may conduct a civil action or proceeding, including a jury or nonjury trial, subject to the courts rules and policies governing the assignment of judges in civil cases. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 73; NEGenR 1.4. (LRM) (Entered: 05/16/2022)

RECAP
May 16, 2022

Assignment of Judges

10 May 31, 2022

BRIEF in opposition to MOTION for Preliminary Injunction 2 by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 05/31/2022)

RECAP
11 May 31, 2022

INDEX in opposition to MOTION for Preliminary Injunction 2 by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Declaration of Wayne Bena, # 2 Exhibit Declaration of James A. Campbell)(Campbell, James) (Entered: 05/31/2022)

RECAP
12 May 31, 2022

MOTION to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 05/31/2022)

Clearinghouse
13 May 31, 2022

BRIEF in support of MOTION to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court 12 by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 05/31/2022)

RECAP
14 June 1, 2022

UNOPPOSED MOTION for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 06/01/2022)

RECAP
15 June 1, 2022

TEXT ORDER granting 14 Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading. Defendant's responsive pleading deadline is extended to 14-days after the Court issues its ruling on Plaintiffs' Motion for Preliminary Injunction. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (SMN) (Entered: 06/01/2022)

RECAP
June 1, 2022

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleading

16 June 3, 2022

REPLY BRIEF in support of motion for preliminary injunction by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 06/03/2022)

RECAP
17 June 3, 2022

INDEX in support of motion for preliminary injunction by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM. (Attachments: # 1 Affidavit Gutman Declaration, # 2 Exhibit debate transcripts, # 3 Exhibit Senate Journal, # 4 Exhibit House Journal, # 5 Exhibit Sample Ballot)(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 06/03/2022)

RECAP
18 June 3, 2022

UNOPPOSED MOTION for Leave to Exceed Word Limit by Attorney Jane Seu on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Seu, Jane) (Entered: 06/03/2022)

RECAP
19 June 3, 2022

TEXT ORDER granting 18 Motion for Leave. Ordered by Judge John M. Gerrard. (DCD) (Entered: 06/03/2022)

RECAP
20 June 3, 2022

BRIEF in opposition to MOTION to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court 12 by Attorney Jane Seu on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Seu, Jane) (Entered: 06/03/2022)

RECAP
June 3, 2022

Order on Motion for Leave

21 June 9, 2022

REPLY BRIEF in support of MOTION to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court 12 by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 06/09/2022)

RECAP
22 June 9, 2022

INDEX in support of MOTION to Certify Question to Nebraska Supreme Court 12 by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit Affidavit of Jennifer Huxoll)(Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 06/09/2022)

RECAP
23 June 13, 2022

PRELIMINARY INJUNCTION- The plaintiffs' 2 Motion for Preliminary Injunction is granted. The Secretary of State's 12 Motion for a certified question is denied. The State of Nebraska, through the Secretary of State, is enjoined fr om taking any action to enforce its county distribution requirement for the qualification of proposed ballot initiatives, as set forth in Neb. Const. art. III, § 2, and no initiative petition shall be rejected solely because of its failure to gain signatures from "five percent of the registered voters of each of two-fifths of the counties of the state." The Secretary shall answer or otherwise respond to the plaintiffs' complaint on or before June 27, 2022. Ordered by Judge John M. Gerrard. (MKR)

Clearinghouse
24 June 14, 2022

NOTICE OF APPEAL regarding Order on Motion for Preliminary Injunction,,,, Order on Motion for Miscellaneous Relief,,, 23 by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen. Filing fee $ 505, receipt number ANEDC-4653358. (Campbell, James) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

Clearinghouse
25 June 14, 2022

NOTIFICATION OF APPEAL AND NOA SUPPLEMENT by Clerk to USCA regarding Preliminary Order 23 . Notice of Appeal filed on 6/14/2022. (MKR) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

RECAP
26 June 14, 2022

MOTION to Stay Preliminary Injunction Pending Appeal by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

Clearinghouse
27 June 14, 2022

BRIEF in support of MOTION to Stay Preliminary Injunction Pending Appeal 26 by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

RECAP
28 June 14, 2022

ORDER denying the defendant's 26 Motion to Stay. Ordered by Judge John M. Gerrard. (MKR) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

Clearinghouse
29 June 14, 2022

SCHEDULING LETTER from USCA - 8th Circuit as to Interlocutory Appeal ; (Attachments: # 1 Letter by Clerk from USCA-8th Circuit)(MKR) (Entered: 06/14/2022)

1 Letter by Clerk from USCA-8th Circuit

View on RECAP

RECAP
June 14, 2022

Interlocutory Appeal

June 14, 2022

INTERLOCUTORY APPEAL - This event corrects the docket entry of 24 Notice of Appeal to USCA, 24 . filer selected incorrect event. In the future, use the Interlocutory appeal event. (MKR)

30 June 15, 2022

TEXT ORDER that the payor inadvertently paid the filing fee twice resulting in two charges. The appeal filing fee in the amount of $505.00 is refunded to the payor, James A. Campbell, receipt number ANEDC-4653347. Ordered by Deputy Clerk. (DKM) (Entered: 06/15/2022)

RECAP
June 15, 2022

Order on Application for Refund of Fees Paid Electronically

31 June 16, 2022

COPY of Order from USCA - 8th Circuit 22-2268. Appellant's unopposed request to expedite briefing on Appellant's motion for stay pending appeal is granted. Appellees response to the motion is due June 22, 2022. Appellant's reply is due June 27, 2022. (MKR) (Entered: 06/17/2022)

RECAP
32 June 22, 2022

UNOPPOSED MOTION for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 06/22/2022)

RECAP
33 June 23, 2022

TEXT ORDER granting 32 Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading. Defendant shall have an extension of time to July 14, 2022, to file an answer or other responsive pleading to the Complaint. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (SMN) (Entered: 06/23/2022)

RECAP
June 23, 2022

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleading

34 July 6, 2022

COPY of Order from USCA - 8th Circuit (22-2268) that Appellan'ts emergency motion for stay of the preliminary injunction pending appeal is granted. Judge Kelly would have denied the motion. (ADB) (Entered: 07/06/2022)

Clearinghouse
35 July 11, 2022

UNOPPOSED MOTION for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading, UNOPPOSED MOTION to Stay Discovery by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 07/11/2022)

RECAP
36 July 11, 2022

TEXT ORDER granting 35 Defendant's Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleading and Stay of Discovery. The deadline for Defendant to file an answer is extended to 14-days after the Eighth Circuit issues its decision resolving the pending appeal of this Court's preliminary injunction order. Discovery shall not commence until the Court enters a Scheduling Order requiring the parties to meet and confer to file a joint Rule 26(f) Report. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (SMN) (Entered: 07/11/2022)

RECAP
July 11, 2022

Order on Motion to Stay AND Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleading

37 July 29, 2022

MOTION to Amend Complaint by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 07/29/2022)

Clearinghouse
38 July 29, 2022

BRIEF in support of Motion to Amend Complaint by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 07/29/2022)

RECAP
39 Aug. 1, 2022

COPY of Order from USCA - 8th Circuit (22-2268) Appellant's motion for extension of time to file the reply brief is granted. The reply brief of Robert B. Evnen is due August 5, 2022. (LRM) (Entered: 08/01/2022)

Clearinghouse
40 Aug. 12, 2022

BRIEF in opposition to MOTION to Amend Complaint 37 by Attorney Jennifer A. Huxoll on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Huxoll, Jennifer) (Entered: 08/12/2022)

RECAP
41 Aug. 19, 2022

REPLY BRIEF in support of MOTION to Amend Complaint 37 by Attorney Jane Seu on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, NMM.(Seu, Jane) (Entered: 08/19/2022)

RECAP
42 Aug. 29, 2022

ORDER granting the Plaintiff's 37 Motion for Leave to Amend Complaint. Plaintiffs shall file their proposed amended complaint on or before September 12, 2022. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (MKR)

Clearinghouse
43 Aug. 31, 2022

AMENDED COMPLAINT against Defendant Robert Evnen, by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of NMM, Crista Eggers(Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 08/31/2022)

Clearinghouse
44 Aug. 31, 2022

COPY of Opinion of USCA - 8th Circuit, Appellate Docket Number 22-2268, regarding Interlocutory Appeal 24 . For the forgoing reasons, we reverse the district court's judgment granting a preliminary injunction and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. (Attachments: # 1 Letter by Clerk from USCA-8th Circuit, # 2 Letter to West Publishing)(MKR) (Entered: 08/31/2022)

RECAP
45 Aug. 31, 2022

JUDGMENT from USCA - 8th Circuit 22-2268 regarding Interlocutory Appeal 24 . This appeal from the United States District Court was submitted on the record of the district court and briefs of the parties. After consideration, it is hereby ordered and adjudged that the judgment of the district court in this cause is reversed and the cause is remanded to the district court for proceedings consistent with the opinion of this court. (MKR) (Entered: 08/31/2022)

Clearinghouse
46 Sept. 12, 2022

UNOPPOSED MOTION for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading by Attorney James A. Campbell on behalf of Defendant Robert Evnen.(Campbell, James) (Entered: 09/12/2022)

RECAP
47 Sept. 12, 2022

TEXT ORDER granting 46 Unopposed Motion for Extension of Time to File a Responsive Pleading. The deadline for Defendant to file an answer or other responsive pleading is extended to 14-days after the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals issues its mandate in the pending appeal of the preliminary injunction order. Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (SMN) Ordered by Magistrate Judge Michael D. Nelson. (SMN) (Entered: 09/12/2022)

RECAP
Sept. 12, 2022

Order on Motion for Extension of Time to File Responsive Pleading

48 Oct. 5, 2022

COPY of Order from USCA - 8th Circuit 22-2268. The petition for rehearing en banc is denied. The petition for rehearing by the panel is also denied. Judge Grasz did not participate in the consideration or decision of this matter. (MKR) (Entered: 10/05/2022)

Clearinghouse
49 Oct. 12, 2022

MANDATE from USCA - 8th Circuit 22-2268 regarding Interlocutory Appeal. In accordance with the opinion and judgment of August 31, 2022, and pursuant to the provisions of Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 41(a), the formal mandate is hereby issued in the above-styled matter. (MKR) (Entered: 10/12/2022)

Clearinghouse
50 Oct. 12, 2022

TEXT ORDER: The defendant shall answer or otherwise respond to the amended complaint 43 on or before October 26, 2022. Ordered by Judge John M. Gerrard. (DCD) (Entered: 10/12/2022)

RECAP
Oct. 12, 2022

Order - Text Only

51 Oct. 13, 2022

NOTICE of Case Dismissal by Attorney Daniel J. Gutman on behalf of Plaintiffs Crista Eggers, Terrell McKinney, NMM (Gutman, Daniel) (Entered: 10/13/2022)

Clearinghouse
52 Oct. 13, 2022

Judgment

Clearinghouse

Case Details

State / Territory:

Nebraska

Case Type(s):

Election/Voting Rights

Special Collection(s):

Law Firm Antiracism Alliance (LFAA) project

Key Dates

Filing Date: May 16, 2022

Closing Date: Oct. 13, 2022

Case Ongoing: No

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

Nebraskans for Medical Marijuana (NMM) is a registered ballot question committee with the Nebraska Accountability and Disclosure Commission and an incorporated nonprofit corporation with the Nebraska Secretary of State. Crista Eggers is a resident of Sarpy County, Nebraska and is a contract employee, volunteer and sponsor of NMM.

Plaintiff Type(s):

Non-profit NON-religious organization

Private Plaintiff

Attorney Organizations:

ACLU Affiliates (any)

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: No

Class Action Outcome: Not sought

Defendants

State

Robert Evnen (Nebraska Secretary of State)

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983

Constitutional Clause(s):

Due Process

Equal Protection

Other Dockets:

District of Nebraska 4:22-cv-03089

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit 22-02268

Available Documents:

Any published opinion

Complaint (any)

Injunctive (or Injunctive-like) Relief

Trial Court Docket

Outcome

Prevailing Party: Defendant

Relief Granted:

Injunction / Injunctive-like Settlement

None

Source of Relief:

None

Settlement

Form of Settlement:

Voluntary Dismissal

Issues

Voting:

Vote dilution

Voting: General & Misc.

Recommended Citation