Case: Clark v. Formella

1:25-cv-00379 | U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire

Filed Date: Sept. 30, 2025

Case Ongoing

Clearinghouse coding complete

Case Summary

[This summary is temporary while we research the case]. On September 30, 2025, the plaintiff, an unhoused man living in Concord, filed this class action lawsuit which challenged New Hampshire’s “Loitering or Prowling” statute, N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. (“RSA”) § 644:6. The plaintiff sought declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as attorney's fees.

Summary Authors

Hirofumi Takano (5/10/2026)

People

For PACER's information on parties and their attorneys, see: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71500581/parties/clark-v-nh-attorney-general/

Judge(s)

Barbadoro, Paul J. (New Hampshire)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Bissonnette, Gilles R. (New Hampshire)

Klementowicz, Henry (New Hampshire)

Attorney for Defendant

Bentley, Shawna P. (New Hampshire)

Gonyea, Sam Michael (New Hampshire)

Judge(s)

Barbadoro, Paul J. (New Hampshire)

Attorney for Plaintiff

Bissonnette, Gilles R. (New Hampshire)

Klementowicz, Henry (New Hampshire)

Savarese, Maria Danielle (New Hampshire)

Attorney for Defendant

Bentley, Shawna P. (New Hampshire)

Gonyea, Sam Michael (New Hampshire)

Attorney Contact Information via CourtListener

Documents in the Clearinghouse

Documents in this case

1 1:25-cv-00379	Class Action Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief	Sept. 30, 2025	Sept. 30, 2025 Complaint
11 1:25-cv-00379	Dismiss	Dec. 1, 2025	Dec. 1, 2025
11 1:25-cv-00379	Dismiss	Dec. 1, 2025	Dec. 1, 2025
14 1:25-cv-00379	Objection to Motion	Dec. 19, 2025	Dec. 19, 2025
21 1:25-cv-00379	Reply to Objection to Motion	April 20, 2026	April 20, 2026
23 1:25-cv-00379	Objection to Motion	April 23, 2026	April 23, 2026
23 1:25-cv-00379	Objection to Motion	April 23, 2026	April 23, 2026
	[Untitled]		None

show / hide documents

Docket

See docket on RECAP: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/71500581/clark-v-nh-attorney-general/

Last updated May 10, 2026, 1:15 a.m.

ECF Number	Date	Description	Link
1	Sept. 30, 2025	NEW CASE/ COMPLAINT Filing fee $ 405, receipt number ANHDC-2686192 filed by Robert Clark. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute), # 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials, # 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases, # 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter, # 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code, # 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File), # 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report, # 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History, # 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23), # 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24), # 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24), # 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25), # 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example, # 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials, # 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials, # 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision, # 17 Civil Cover Sheet, # 18 Summons - Waiver)(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 09/30/2025) 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute) View on PACER 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials View on PACER 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases View on PACER 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter View on PACER 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code View on PACER 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File) View on PACER 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report View on PACER 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History View on PACER 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23) View on PACER 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24) View on PACER 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24) View on PACER 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25) View on PACER 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example View on PACER 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision View on PACER 17 Civil Cover Sheet View on PACER 18 Summons - Waiver View on PACER	Clearinghouse
1	Sept. 30, 2025	NEW CASE/ COMPLAINT Filing fee $ 405, receipt number ANHDC-2686192 filed by Robert Clark. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute), # 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials, # 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases, # 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter, # 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code, # 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File), # 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report, # 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History, # 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23), # 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24), # 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24), # 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25), # 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example, # 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials, # 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials, # 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision, # 17 Civil Cover Sheet, # 18 Summons - Waiver)(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 09/30/2025) 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute) View on PACER 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials View on PACER 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases View on PACER 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter View on PACER 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code View on PACER 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File) View on PACER 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report View on PACER 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History View on PACER 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23) View on PACER 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24) View on PACER 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24) View on PACER 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25) View on PACER 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example View on PACER 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision View on PACER 17 Civil Cover Sheet View on PACER 18 Summons - Waiver View on PACER	Clearinghouse
1	Sept. 30, 2025	NEW CASE/ COMPLAINT Filing fee $ 405, receipt number ANHDC-2686192 filed by Robert Clark. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute), # 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials, # 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases, # 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter, # 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code, # 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File), # 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report, # 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History, # 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23), # 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24), # 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24), # 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25), # 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example, # 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials, # 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials, # 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision, # 17 Civil Cover Sheet, # 18 Summons - Waiver)(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 09/30/2025) 1 Exhibit A -- RSA 644:6 (Loitering or Prowling Statute) View on PACER 2 Exhibit B -- Clark Materials View on PACER 3 Exhibit C -- Loitering Cases View on PACER 4 Exhibit D -- Delaware Attorney General Letter View on PACER 5 Exhibit E -- 1962 Model Penal Code View on PACER 6 Exhibit F -- 1971 Legislative History (Senate File) View on PACER 7 Exhibit G -- 1969 Codification Report View on PACER 8 Exhibit H -- 1985 Legislative History View on PACER 9 Exhibit I -- State Courts Data (1.1.13 to 6.30.23) View on PACER 10 Exhibit J -- State Courts Data (7.1.23-6.30.24) View on PACER 11 Exhibit K -- State Courts Data (7.1.24-12.31.24) View on PACER 12 Exhibit L -- State Courts Data (1.1.25-6.30.25) View on PACER 13 Exhibit M -- July 7, 2022 Manchester "Move Along" Example View on PACER 14 Exhibit N -- N.H. DOJ Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 15 Exhibit O -- PSTC Loitering Training Materials View on PACER 16 Exhibit P -- Gaynor Decision View on PACER 17 Civil Cover Sheet View on PACER 18 Summons - Waiver View on PACER	Clearinghouse
2	Sept. 30, 2025	Summons issued electronically as to NH Attorney General. NOTICE: Counsel shall print and serve the summons and all attachments in accordance with Fed. R. Civ. P. 4. (Attachments: # 1 Notice ECF)(ed) (Entered: 09/30/2025) 1 Notice ECF View on PACER	RECAP
3	Sept. 30, 2025	NOTICE of Attorney Appearance by Henry Klementowicz on behalf of Robert Clark Attorney Henry Klementowicz added to party Robert Clark(pty:pla).(Klementowicz, Henry) (Entered: 09/30/2025)	RECAP
	Sept. 30, 2025	Notice - ECF
	Sept. 30, 2025	Case Assigned
	Sept. 30, 2025	Case assigned to Judge Paul J. Barbadoro and US Magistrate Judge Andrea K Johnstone. The case designation is: 1:25-cv-379-PB-AJ. Please show this number with the judge designation on all future pleadings. (ed)
	Sept. 30, 2025	NOTICE. This case has been designated for Electronic Case Filing. All further submissions shall be filed in compliance with the Administrative Procedures for Electronic Case Filing. Pro se litigants are not required to file electronically and may continue to file documents in paper format. Persons filing electronically are strongly encouraged to complete the interactive training modules available on the courts website. To access these modules, click HERE. (ed)
4	Oct. 1, 2025	MOTION to Certify Class filed by Robert Clark. HEARING REQUESTED.Follow up on Objection on 10/15/2025. The court only follow up date DOES NOT include 3 additional days that may apply per FRCP 6(d) and FRCrP 45(c). (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Law, # 2 Exhibit (Affidavit) 1 - Clark Declaration, # 3 Exhibit (Affidavit) 2 -- Bissonnette Declaration, # 4 Proposed Order)(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 10/01/2025)	RECAP
5	Oct. 6, 2025	WAIVER OF SERVICE Returned Executed as to NH Attorney General by Robert Clark. Served/Mailed on 9/30/2025. Answer Follow Up on 12/2/2025. The court only follow up date DOES NOT include 3 additional days that may apply per FRCP 6(d) and FRCrP 45(c).(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 10/06/2025)	RECAP
6	Oct. 15, 2025	NOTICE of Attorney Appearance by Shawna P. Bentley on behalf of NH Attorney General Attorney Shawna P. Bentley added to party NH Attorney General(pty:dft).(Bentley, Shawna) (Entered: 10/15/2025)	RECAP
7	Oct. 15, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Respond to Plaintiff's Motion for Class Certification and Appointment of Counsel filed by NH Attorney General.(Bentley, Shawna) (Entered: 10/15/2025)	RECAP
	Oct. 17, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 7 Motion to Extend Time to Respond to Plaintiff's Motion for Class Certification and Appointment of Counsel. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
	Oct. 20, 2025	Order on Motion to Extend Time
8	Dec. 1, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 4 MOTION to Certify Class to December 15, 2025 filed by NH Attorney General.(Bentley, Shawna) (Entered: 12/01/2025)	RECAP
9	Dec. 1, 2025	NOTICE of Attorney Appearance by Sam Michael Gonyea on behalf of NH Attorney General Attorney Sam Michael Gonyea added to party NH Attorney General(pty:dft).(Gonyea, Sam) (Entered: 12/01/2025)	RECAP
10	Dec. 1, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Exceed Page Limit filed by NH Attorney General.(Gonyea, Sam) (Entered: 12/01/2025)	RECAP
11	Dec. 1, 2025	MOTION to Dismiss filed by NH Attorney General.Follow up on Objection on 12/15/2025. The court only follow up date DOES NOT include 3 additional days that may apply per FRCP 6(d) and FRCrP 45(c). (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Law Memo of Law in Support)(Gonyea, Sam) (Entered: 12/01/2025)	Clearinghouse
	Dec. 2, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER. Text of Order: No pretrial conference will be scheduled until after resolution of the pending motion to dismiss (doc. no. 11). Given the issues raised in the motion, the court finds good cause to extend the deadline for issuing the scheduling order pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(b) to after the rescheduled pretrial conference. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro.(jwb)
	Dec. 2, 2025	Endorsed Order - not on motion
	Dec. 2, 2025	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
	Dec. 2, 2025	Order on Motion to Exceed
	Dec. 2, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 10 Motion to Exceed Page Limit. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro.(jwb)
	Dec. 2, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 8 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond re 4 Motion to Certify Class to December 15, 2025. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
12	Dec. 5, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 11 MOTION to Dismiss to January 12, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 12/05/2025)	RECAP
	Dec. 8, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 12 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond re 11 Motion to Dismiss to January 12, 2026. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
	Dec. 8, 2025	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
13	Dec. 15, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 4 MOTION to Certify Class to December 19, 2025 filed by NH Attorney General.(Bentley, Shawna) (Entered: 12/15/2025)	RECAP
	Dec. 15, 2025	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
	Dec. 15, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 13 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond re 4 Motion to Certify Class to December 19, 2025. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
14	Dec. 19, 2025	OBJECTION to 4 MOTION to Certify Class filed by NH Attorney General. Follow up on Reply on 12/26/2025. The court only follow up date DOES NOT include 3 additional days that may apply per FRCP 6(d) and FRCrP 45(c). (Attachments: # 1 Memorandum of Law in Support of Objection to Motion for Class Certification and Appointment of Class Counsel)(Gonyea, Sam) (Entered: 12/19/2025)	Clearinghouse
15	Dec. 19, 2025	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, to January 12, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 12/19/2025)	RECAP
	Dec. 22, 2025	ENDORSED ORDER granting 15 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion to January 12, 2026. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
	Dec. 22, 2025	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
16	Jan. 6, 2026	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, 11 MOTION to Dismiss to March 13, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 01/06/2026)	RECAP
	Jan. 9, 2026	ENDORSED ORDER granting 16 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, 11 MOTION to Dismiss to March 13, 2026. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
	Jan. 9, 2026	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
17	Feb. 18, 2026	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, 11 MOTION to Dismiss to April 13, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 02/18/2026)	RECAP
	Feb. 18, 2026	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
	Feb. 18, 2026	ENDORSED ORDER granting 17 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond re 14 Objection to Motion, 11 Motion to Dismiss. Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro.(jwb)
18	April 3, 2026	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, 11 MOTION to Dismiss to April 20, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 04/03/2026)	RECAP
	April 6, 2026	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
	April 6, 2026	ENDORSED ORDER granting 18 Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 14 Objection to Motion, 11 MOTION to Dismiss to April 20, 2026 Text of Order: Granted. So Ordered by Judge Paul J. Barbadoro. (jwb)
19	April 16, 2026	NOTICE of Attorney Appearance by Maria Danielle Savarese on behalf of Robert Clark Attorney Maria Danielle Savarese added to party Robert Clark(pty:pla).(Savarese, Maria) (Entered: 04/16/2026)	RECAP
20	April 16, 2026	Assented to MOTION to Extend Time to Object/Respond to 11 MOTION to Dismiss to April 23, 2026 filed by Robert Clark.(Bissonnette, Gilles) (Entered: 04/16/2026)	RECAP
	April 17, 2026	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond
21	April 20, 2026	Reply to Objection to Motion	Clearinghouse
22	April 22, 2026	Exceed	RECAP
23	April 23, 2026	Objection to Motion	Clearinghouse
	April 23, 2026	Order on Motion to Exceed
24	April 27, 2026	Extend Time to Object/Respond	RECAP
	April 30, 2026	Order on Motion to Extend Time to Object/Respond

show / hide docket entries

Case Details

State / Territory:

New Hampshire

Case Type(s):

Criminal Justice (Other)

Key Dates

Filing Date: Sept. 30, 2025

Case Ongoing: Yes

Plaintiffs

Plaintiff Description:

All persons against whom the New Hampshire Attorney General, including those acting in concert or participation with him, is enforcing, or will enforce, RSA 644:6.

Attorney Organizations:

ACLU Affiliates (any)

Public Interest Lawyer: Yes

Filed Pro Se: No

Class Action Sought: Yes

Class Action Outcome: Pending

Defendants

State

State of New Hampshire

Case Details

Causes of Action:

42 U.S.C. § 1983